The History of the World Wide Web

1858
The Atlantic cable was established to carry instantaneous communications across the Atlantic ocean for the first time. Although the laying of this first cable was seen as a landmark event in society, it was a technical failure. It only remained in service a few days.

1866
Subsequent cables were laid successfully.

1957
The USSR launched Sputnik, the first artificial earth satellite.

1958
In response to the launch of Sputnik, the US Department of Defense issues directive 5105.15 establishing the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). The organization developed the United States' first successful satellite in 18 months. Several years later ARPA began to focus on computer networking and communications technology.

1962
Paul Rand was commissioned by the U.S. Air Force to do a study on how it could maintain control over its missiles and bombers, after a nuclear attack. The network had to be decentralized, so that if any locations (cities) in the U.S. were attacked, the military could still have control of nuclear arms for a counter-attack. His document proposed a packet switched network, which works by breaking up a data file into small "packets" and transmitting them to another location by multiple routes where the packets are re-assembled into the original data file.

1968
The physical ARPANET network was constructed in 1969, linking four nodes: University of California at Los Angeles, SRI (in Stanford), University of California at Santa Barbara, and University of Utah. The network was wired together via 50 Kbps circuits.

1973
Development began on the protocol later to be called TCP/IP. Using TCP/IP, computers on the internet operate in an operating system independent environment, allowing almost any kind of computer to talk to any other computer.

1974
The term "Internet" was first used by Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn in paper on Transmission Control Protocol.

1976
Dr. Robert M. Metcalfe develops Ethernet, allowing fast data transfer, a crucial step towards the development of LANs.
The satellite network linking the United States with Europe was developed using the INTELSAT satellites.
The US Department of Defense began to experiment with the TCP/IP protocol.

1983
TCP/IP became the core Internet protocol.
The University of Wisconsin created Domain Name System (DNS). which allowed packets to be directed to a domain name, which made it much easier to access other servers.

1990
Tim Berners-Lee and CERN in Geneva implements a hypertext system to provide efficient information access to the members of the international high-energy physics community.

1992 to today
In 1992, a scientist at the European High-Energy Particle Physics Laboratory ( CERN ), Tim Berners-Lee, developed the concept of the World Wide Web ( "WWW", "W3" or simply "the web" ) as we know it today.
The first web browser, known as Mosaic, was developed in 1993 at the National Center for Supercomputer Applications ( NCSA ) in the university of Illinois. The use of Mosaic spread rapidly through the academic community and within a year more than 2 million users were browsing the web.
In 1994 Pizza Hut offered pizza ordering on its Web page

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